Man page - tr(1)

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Manual

TR

NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR
REPORTING BUGS
SEE ALSO

NAME

tr - translate or delete characters

SYNOPSIS

tr [ OPTION ]... STRING1 [ STRING2 ]

DESCRIPTION

Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input, writing to standard output. STRING1 and STRING2 specify arrays of characters ARRAY1 and ARRAY2 that control the action.
-c , -C , --complement

use the complement of ARRAY1

-d , --delete

delete characters in ARRAY1, do not translate

-s , --squeeze-repeats

replace each sequence of a repeated character that is listed in the last specified ARRAY, with a single occurrence of that character

-t , --truncate-set1

first truncate ARRAY1 to length of ARRAY2

--help

display this help and exit

--version

output version information and exit

ARRAYs are specified as strings of characters. Most represent themselves. Interpreted sequences are:

	\NNN		character with octal value NNN (1 to 3 octal digits)
	\\		backslash
	\a		audible BEL
	\b		backspace
	\f		form feed
	\n		new line
	\r		return
	\t		horizontal tab
	\v		vertical tab

CHAR1-CHAR2

all characters from CHAR1 to CHAR2 in ascending order

[CHAR*]

in ARRAY2, copies of CHAR until length of ARRAY1

[CHAR*REPEAT]

REPEAT copies of CHAR, REPEAT octal if starting with 0

[:alnum:]

all letters and digits

[:alpha:]

all letters

[:blank:]

all horizontal whitespace

[:cntrl:]

all control characters

[:digit:]

all digits

[:graph:]

all printable characters, not including space

[:lower:]

all lower case letters

[:print:]

all printable characters, including space

[:punct:]

all punctuation characters

[:space:]

all horizontal or vertical whitespace

[:upper:]

all upper case letters

[:xdigit:]

all hexadecimal digits

[=CHAR=]

all characters which are equivalent to CHAR

Translation occurs if -d is not given and both STRING1 and STRING2 appear. -t is only significant when translating. ARRAY2 is extended to length of ARRAY1 by repeating its last character as necessary. Excess characters of ARRAY2 are ignored. Character classes expand in unspecified order; while translating, [:lower:] and [:upper:] may be used in pairs to specify case conversion. Squeezing occurs after translation or deletion.

BUGS

Full support is available only for safe single-byte locales, in which every possible input byte represents a single character. The C locale is safe in GNU systems, so you can avoid this issue in the shell by running LC_ALL=C tr instead of plain tr .

AUTHOR

Written by Jim Meyering.

REPORTING BUGS

GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>